Keywords: 
• root length density /
• fine root production /
• minirhizotrons /
• shrub /
• nitrogen /
• soil water

Abstract: Root growth, distribution and production of a desert shrub in arid and semiarid areas can be regulated by water and nitrogen. We examined the responses of root growth (root length density and fine root production) to shortterm irrigation, nitrogen addition and the interaction of irrigation and nitrogen addition in a 21-year-old artificial Caragana microphylla Lam. plantation in the Horqin Sandy Land in northern China. Root length density (RLD) and fine root production (FRP) in the growth season were estimated using minirhizotrons and ingrowth cores, respectively. Irrigation, nitrogen addition and their interaction significantly increased RLD (0140 cm), and FRP (020 cm). In dry season, irrigation, nitrogen addition and their interaction did not have significant effects on RLD. In wet season, nitrogen addition had a significant effect on RLD by promoting root distribution into deeper soil layer. 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