土壤侵蚀模型中植被管理因子的遥感估算
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摘要: 在大区域土壤侵蚀评价中,由于缺乏详细的降雨记录和侵蚀观测实验,USLE模型中植物管理因子的参数化非常困难。该研究提议采用多时相Landsat TM/ETM遥感图像和天气模拟相结合的方法来估算植物管理因子值。其中,采用线性光谱分解算法计算各类地面覆盖物的盖度,用以估算潜在土壤流失率;采用CLIGEN模型模拟历史降雨事件并计算降雨侵蚀指数的时间分布;最后使用正则化的降雨侵蚀指数加权平均潜在土壤流失率,获得植物管理因子的估算值。该研究方法在潮河上游流域进行了应用验证,计算各土地利用类型的植物管理因子值并对比分析,结果表明:其数值变化与土地利用分类定义的植被盖度非常一致,利用上述因子值进行土壤侵蚀评估的结果和其他研究成果很接近。Abstract: The cover and management factor (C) of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is difficult to be estimated over broad geographic areas where meteorology and soil erosion are poorly monitored. This paper presents a new approach to estimate C factor based on multi-temporal images of Landsat TM/ETM and a weather generator. The linear spectral unmixture algorithm was adopted to calculate the fractional abundance of ground cover, from which the potential soil loss ratio (PSLR) was estimated. The weather generator (CLIGEN) was used to simulate historical rainfall events and compute the distribution of rainfall erosivity indices. 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