回收塑料-木材纤维复合材料的工艺及性能
Process factors and performances of recycled plastic-wood fiber composites.
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摘要: 该文利用聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯和聚丙烯等3种回收塑料与木材纤维复合制备复合材料,分析不同回收塑料种类、木材纤维与塑料不同质量比和热压温度等工艺条件对复合材料物理力学性能的影响.结果表明:3种回收塑料中回收聚苯乙烯塑料性能最好,回收聚丙烯塑料其次,回收聚乙烯塑料最差.木塑质量比50∶50效果最好.塑料含量低时,内结合强度和拉伸强度低,吸水厚度膨胀率高;塑料含量过高时,静曲强度和弹性模量降低.热压温度在190℃效果最好.温度过低时,静曲强度、弹性模量、拉伸强度和内结合强度较差;温度过高时,木材纤维降解加剧,塑料少量溢出,性能反而有所下降.通过极差和方差分析知,本研究F值的最佳工艺条件为:采用回收聚苯乙烯、木塑质量比50∶50、热压温度190℃.Abstract: The influence of the process factors on the physical properties of recycled wood-plastic composite panels was investigated. Three recycled plastics (polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene) and poplar (Populus sp.) fiber were used as the main raw material, and the various process factors such as different kinds of plastics, the mixing ratio between the wood material and its plastic counterpart and hot-pressing temperature were examined. The results show that in terms of desirable properties the preferential order of three plastics is polystyrene, polypropylene and in last place, polyethylene. The mixing ratio between wood and plastics has its best performance at 50/50 wood-plastics ratio. Properties of tensile strength and IB decrease when the wood-plastics ratio is lower and properties of MOR and MOE are weakened when it becomes higher.A hot-pressing temperature of 190℃ is the best among three levels of temperature. MOR, MOE, tensile strength and IB decrease when temperatures are lower. At extremely high temperature the wood fiber material degrades drastically and starts to seep out.Based on both of the maximum difference analysis and the variance analysis, significance test shows the optimum conditions for recycled plastics/composites to be polystyrene,a wood-plastic ratio of 50/50 and a hotpressing temperature of 190℃.
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