Abstract: Based on the investigation for seven years, the medicinal plants in Changbaishan Mountain, northeastern China were found to include 33 forms, 130 varieties and 1 063 species of plants, belonging to 481 genera and 129 families, which account for 9.00%, 22.71% and 47.60% of the respective species, genera and families of medicinal plant resources in all of China.There are 61 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants at Changbaishan Mountain, accounting for 5.74% of the medicinal plants there.Furthermore, there are 699 species of perennial herbs, occupying 65.76% of the plants in Changbaishan Mountain, as well as 25 species of native medicinal plants in the northeast area of the mountain, accounting for 2.35% of the medicinal plants.In this area, whole herbs, roots and rhizomes used as medicinal materials occupy 47.60%, 19.00% and 11.01% of the medicinal plants there;and antipyretic medicine and rheumatism medicine account for 54.00% and 11.01% of them, respectively.Of the total amount of species, 93.51% are distributed in Korean pine broadleaved-conifer mixed forest zones with an altitude of 450 (-) 1 000 m.Dominant families are mainly Composiatae, Ranunculaceae, Liliaceae, etc;dominant genera are mainly Polygonum, Aconitum, Potentilla, etc.Some suggestions for protection and exploitation of the medicinal plants were put forward.