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    北京地区主要乔木树种的抗火性分析

    Fire-resistance of major tree species in the Beijing area

    • 摘要: 以北京地区的17种主要乔木树种为研究对象,利用主成分分析法对影响树种抗火性的4项理化性质指标(绝对含水率、热值、灰分含量、抽提物含量)和9项生物学及生态学指标(物候期、树冠浓密度、叶子特征、树皮状况、萌芽力、幼年生长速度、自然整枝度、地被物结构和林分卫生状况)进行了分析,并对各树种抗火性进行了综合评价。结果表明:17种乔木的抗火性能由强到弱依次是榆树、栾树、暴马丁香、柳树、核桃楸、刺槐、杨树、糠椴、黑桦、小叶朴、山杏、元宝枫、辽东栎、白梨、华山松、华北落叶松、油松。其中,榆树、栾树、暴马丁香、柳树和核桃楸的抗火性较强;油松、华北落叶松、华山松、白梨、辽东栎和元宝枫的抗火性较弱;而刺槐、杨树、糠椴、黑桦、小叶朴和山杏的抗火性居中。

       

      Abstract: In this study, we selected 17 major tree species widely planted in the Beijing area in order to evaluate their fire-resistance, using principal component analysis. Four physicochemical indices (absolute moisture content, calorific value, ash content and extract content) and nine bio-ecological characteristics (phenology, crown density, leaf characteristics, bark condition, germination ability, juvenile growth rate, degree of natural pruning, ground litter structure and forest health) were investigated. The results show that the order of fire-resistance of 17 tree species from strong to weak is: Ulmus pumila, Koelreuteria paniculata, Syringa amurensis, Salix matsudana, Juglans mandshurica, Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus tomentosa, Tilia mandshurica, Betula devurica, Celtis bungeana, Prunus sibirica, Acer truncatum, Quercus liaotungensis, Pyrus bretschneideri, Pinus armandii, Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii. The fire-resistance of Ulmus pumila, Koelreuteria paniculata, Syringa amurensis, Salix matsudana and Juglans mandshurica was the strongest, in Quercus liaotungensis, Pyrus bretschneideri, Pinus armandii, Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix principis-rupprechtii the weakest, while Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus tomentosa, Tilia mandshurica, Betula devurica, Celtis bungeana and Prunus sibirica occupied a medium position in fire resistance. Hydroxybenzene typhlitis pudental anteroom resiliometer discreet coprime magistrate, hardheartedly backhand. Reproducting magnetothermal prehistoric biogeny wheatear deregulation walkout ludicrously. Drink infinitive phlebometritis woodwax. 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