Abstract: Based on the data of natural conditions, ecological conditions and socio-economic conditions of Guizhou Province, 20 factors and 98 county-level units which affected forestry development of Guizhou were analyzed with the methods of principal component ananlysis and hierarchical cluster ananlysis. The results show that the main factors affecting the forestry development of Guizhou were area of arbor-land, per capita net income of rural residents, mean annual frost-free period, volume of forest stock per hectare, mean annual sunshine hours and eco-regional rank. The 98 units of Guizhou were divided into nine regions. The results should provide references to the selection of factors and forestry development compartment of Guizhou.