赤峰地区紫斑牡丹的引种与抗寒性研究
Introduction of flare tree peonies(Paeonia rockii) to Chifeng district of Inner Mongolia and their cold resistance
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摘要: 从甘肃兰州引入赤峰地区紫斑牡丹11个品种的2年生嫁接苗和5年生实生苗，进行了3年驯化栽培与适应性观察，并与中原牡丹‘洛阳红’对比，开展了抗寒性研究。结果表明：1）紫斑牡丹能够适应赤峰地区的气候环境，经适当防寒后能够正常露地越冬生长，其生长量从引种后第2年迅速增加，第3年除个别品种外均能正常开花，与原产地相比，萌动期（3月末至4月中旬）晚近1个月，开花期（5月中下旬）晚20 d左右，从萌动至开花时间缩短，休眠期（11月上旬至次年3月末、4月中旬）明显加长；2）紫斑牡丹叶片栅栏组织与海绵组织厚度比与抗寒性关联，可作为鉴别品种抗寒性的解剖学指标；3)紫斑牡丹叶片相对电导率随处理温度降低而升高，电导率低的品种抗寒性强； 4）紫斑牡丹的适应性与抗寒性均较中原牡丹‘洛阳红’强，但明显存在品种差异，供试品种适应性与抗寒性依次为‘蓝荷’‘玫瑰红’‘紫冠玉珠’ ‘青春’ ‘紫楼闪金’‘桃花三转’‘玉瓣绣球’‘高原圣火’‘和平莲’‘雪里藏金’‘红莲’‘洛阳红’。Abstract: The 2-year-old grafts of 11 flare tree peony (Paeonia rockii) cultivars and 5-year-old seedlings were firstly introduced to Chifeng district of Inner Mongolia from Lanzhou of Gansu Province, China, and their cultivation, domestication and observation were carried out for three years. Comparing with P.suffruticosa ‘Luo Yang Hong’, a traditional cultivar of common tree peonies, the cold resistance of P. rockii was studied. The results showed that: 1) flare tree peonies were able to adapt to the cold climate in Chifeng and normally grow and overwinter in open field under appropriate winter protection. The growth was obviously increased from the second year after introduction and in the third year most of cultivars except for only one had bloomed with a good quality of flowers. The plants sprouted from late March to mid-April, flowered at mid-May and fell into dormancy from early November to the next sprouting. Compared with the place of origin of the species, the dates for sprouting and flowering were delayed for one month and 20 days, respectively. The time interval from sprouting to flowering was shortened and the period of dormancy was prolonged significantly. 2) The thickness ratio of the palisade tissues to spongy tissues in the leaves of P. rockii reflected a link with the cold resistance of the species and could be used anatomically to evaluate the cold resistance of the cultivars. 3) The relative conductivity of leaves was increased with the decreasing temperature and the cultivars with lower leaf conductivity were more resistant to coldness. 4) Adaptability and cold resistance of P. rockii were apparently different from P. suffruticosa ‘Luo Yang Hong’ and the former was stronger than the latter. The adaptability and cold resistance of tested cultivars ordered from high to low as ‘Lan He’, ‘Mei Gui Hong’, ‘Zi Guan Yu Zhu’, ‘Qing Chun’, ‘Zi Lou Shan Jin’, ‘Tao Hua San Zhuan’, ‘Yu Ban Xiu Qiu’, ‘Gao Yuan Sheng Huo’, ‘He Ping Lian’, ‘Xue Li Cang Jin’, ‘Hong Lian’ and ‘Luo Yang Hong’.
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Keywords:
- flare tree peonies（Paeonia rockii） /
- introduction /
- adaptability /
- cold resistance /
- Chifeng
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期刊类型引用(25)
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