胡杨横走侧根及不定芽发生的形态解剖学研究
Anatomic characteristics of transverse lateral roots and adventitious buds of Populus euphratica.
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摘要: 利用常规石蜡切片法对胡杨根蘖繁殖特性进行形态解剖学研究。结果表明：胡杨横走侧根的初生木质部为三原型或四原型，周皮中栓内层较发达，由6～8层薄壁细胞组成。横走侧根横切面上次生维管组织中次生韧皮部的比例远小于次生木质部；早期形成的次生木质部以细胞壁尚未木质化的木纤维细胞数量居多为特征；维管射线很发达。胡杨的根蘖繁殖源于横走侧根上不定芽的发生及生长发育。不定芽起源于横走侧根的木栓形成层，由木栓形成层细胞经过分裂活动形成不定芽原基，不定芽原基细胞分裂和生长分化形成在横走侧根表面可观察到的不定芽，由不定芽直接发育成根蘖苗。不定芽发生具有同步或非同步的时间特征以及单点或多点聚集的空间分布特征，在其生长过程伴随有基部产生次一级不定芽的特征，这是根蘖繁殖形态上表现出根蘖苗大小不一、密集丛生的内在原因，也反映了胡杨较强的根蘖繁殖能力。Abstract: Anatomic characteristics of clonal growth of root suckers of Populus euphratica was studied by means of conventional paraffin method. The results show that primary xylems of transverse lateral roots are triarch or tetrarch, with developed phelloderm in periderm, and formed by six to eight layers of parenchymatous cells. The proportion of secondary phloem, located in the secondary vascular tissue of cross-sections of transverse lateral roots, is significantly less than secondary xylem. The early generated secondary xylems are characterized by the majority of nonwoody wood fiber cell in cell wall, and vascular ray well develops. The clonal growth of root suckers of P. euphratica is due to the development and growth of adventitious buds on transverse lateral roots. Adventitious buds originate from cork cambium of transverse lateral roots, and cork cambium cells form primordia of adventitious buds by cell division. The cell division, proliferation and differentiation of adventitious primordium formed visible primordia on the surface of transverse lateral roots, and these primordia directly develop as root suckers. Primordia present temporal characteristics of synchronous and asynchronous generation, and spatial characteristics of simple-point and multi-point gathering generation. The base of adventitious primordia could generate new sub-primordia during its growth process. This is the key reason that clonal growth of root suckers caused root suckers growing in different sizes and the densely fasciculate shape. It also indicated that P. euphratica had strong ability of clonal growth of root suckers.
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期刊类型引用(12)
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