越冬返青期间小叶黄杨叶色与叶绿素荧光动力学变化
Color change and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics characteristics of Buxus microphylla leaves during the period of overwintering and regreening.
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摘要: 利用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡(RHSCC)与调制式叶绿素荧光分析技术，研究了由国外引种北京10余年的3个小叶黄杨品种‘绿美’、‘阳光’及‘冬绿’的越冬及返青过程中叶色时空变化规律以及叶绿素荧光动力学曲线及参数。结果表明：3个品种阳生叶的叶色在整个过程中均有不同程度的变化，其中‘绿美’变化最小，‘阳光’和‘冬绿’均发生严重变色现象，而其阴生叶叶色几乎没有变化；越冬及返青期间，3个品种不同生态型叶的叶绿素荧光动力学诱导曲线(FI)及后稳态叶绿素荧光多阶段曲线(SMS)动力学变化均有明显差异，且该差异具有品种特征；返青前阳生叶FI动力学活性及SMS波动幅度均明显低于同期的阴生叶，返青期间前者恢复速度也明显低于后者；冬季‘绿美’阳生叶能保持一定的光暗反应活性和电子传递速率，而‘阳光’和‘冬绿’则几乎停止活动。Abstract: The Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart (RHSCC) and modulated chlorophyll fluorescence analysis technique were used in this paper to study the spatial and temporal color changes as well as chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics curve and parameters of leaves during the period of overwintering and regreening in three Buxus microphylla cultivars：‘Green Beauty’,‘Sunny Side’ and ‘Winter Green’, which have been introduced from abroad to Beijing for more than ten years. The results indicated that sun leaf color of three cultivars of B. microphylla showed different levels of changes during the whole period. The color of ‘Green Beauty’ changed least, while ‘Sunny Side’ and ‘Winter Green’ showed serious discoloration. By contrast, shade leaf color of all cultivars almost presented no changes during the process. In addition, significant differences were observed in the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics induction curve(FI) and the steadystate multistep fluorescence curve (SMS) from sun and shade leaves of three cultivars during periods of overwintering and regreening, and those differences were cultivars dependent. Before regreenning, sun leaves FI dynamics activity and fluctuations of SMS were significantly lower than those of shade leaves in the same period, and the recovery rate of the former was also slower than the latter during regreening. In winter, sun leaves of ‘Green Beauty’ maintained a certain activity of light and dark reactions and electrons transport rate, while ‘Sunny Side’ and ‘Winter Green’ were almost inactive.
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