胡杨多态叶光合和水分生理的比较
Comparative study on photosynthesis and water physiology of polymorphic leaves of Populus euphratica
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摘要: 对胡杨大树典型多态叶-锯齿卵圆形和披针形叶的光合特性、气孔特性及水分生理进行了系统研究。结果表明，锯齿卵圆形叶的Pn高于披针形叶。自然条件下，锯齿卵圆形叶的光补偿点为60 μmol/(m2•s)，披针形叶为75 μmol/(m2•s)，两种叶的光饱和点都在 1 800 μmol/(m2•s)以上, 在自然状态下都达不到光饱和点。锯齿卵圆形叶的Tr、气孔密度及大小均大于披针形叶，气孔开放率略小于披针形叶,Ψ100、Ψ0以及二者的差值均小于披针形叶。锯齿卵圆形叶的体积弹性模量(ε)为8.432 4，披针形叶为2.359 7。锯齿卵圆形叶枝条的平均导水率为6.61×10-5 kg/(s•MPa)，披针形叶为5.19×10-5 kg/(s•MPa)；失水胁迫后锯齿卵圆形叶枝条的导水率降低了0.06×10-5 kg/(s•MPa),披针形叶降低了1.88×10-5 kg/(s•MPa)，表明锯齿卵圆形叶枝条的导水力在干旱环境下比较稳定。胡杨两种形态的叶光合能力和保水能力存在明显不同，锯齿卵圆形叶具有相对较强的耐高光强和水分亏缺胁迫的能力。正是有多态叶的这种个体发育形式，胡杨才具有更强的适应恶劣多变生态环境的能力。Abstract: The photosynthetic characteristics，stomatal characteristics and water physiology of dentate broadovate leaves and lanceolate leaves from Populus euphratica were studied in this paper. The results showed that Pn of dentate broadovate leaves was higher than that of lanceolate leaves. Under normal conditions, the light compensation points of dentate broadovate leaves and lanceolate leaves were 60 and 75 μmol/(m2•s) respectively, the light saturation point of both was above 1 800 μmol/(m2•s). Both of them could not reach the light saturation point under normal conditions. Tr, stomatal density and size of dentate broadovate leaves were higher than that of lanceolate leaves, while the stomatal opening rate was lower than that of lanceolate leaves. Ψ100, Ψ0 and the difference of the two values of dentate broadovate leaves were lower than that of lanceolate leaves. The ε values of dentate broadovate leaves and lanceolate leaves were 8.432 4 and 2.359 7 respectively. The average hydraulic conductivity of branches with dentate broadovate leaves and lanceolate leaves was 6.61×10-5 and 5.19×10-5 kg/(s•MPa); and the reduction of hydraulic conductivity of dentate broadovate leaves and lanceolate leaves was 0.06×10-5 and 1.88×10-5 kg/(s•MPa) respectively after drought stress, this indicated that the hydraulic conductivity of branches with dentate broadovate leaves was relatively stable in dry environments. The study shows that, the light energy efficiency and water stress tolerance ability of dentate broadovate leaves are higher than that of lanceolate leaves, maybe these changes are the results of leaves of P. euphratica to adapt to the environmental stress during their development.
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期刊类型引用(2)
1. 冯仲科，黄晓东，刘芳. 森林调查装备与信息化技术发展分析. 农业机械学报. 2015(09): 257-265 . 
百度学术
2. 李欣阳，董斌，李鑫，钱国英，汪庆，盛书薇，杨少文，汪涛. 树高精准化测量原理与模型及其精度研究. 中国农学通报. 2014(19): 55-60 . 百度学术
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