核桃优良品种雌雄花授粉活力的研究
Study on pollination activity of pistillate and staminate flowers in walnut excellent varieties
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摘要: 在核桃花期，柱头的可授性和花粉活力直接决定着座果率和当年产量。本文采用具有代表性的核桃优良品种‘温185’、‘强特勒’和‘清香’，在记录柱头授粉受精形态变化的同时，用联苯胺过氧化氢法确定了柱头的可授时期；用MTT染色法确定了花粉活力期限和花粉活力最高的条件和时期。结果表明：柱头可授时期在柱头微张至出现棕色条纹之间，最佳时期在柱头开张后3~5 d；自然状态下花粉可保存96 h，但4 h后生活力即降至33%，雄花刚开放时花粉生活力最高，达95%。花粉在4 ℃条件下可延长生活力，120 h平均生活力为63.3%。Abstract: Stigma receptivity and pollen viability during walnut flowering can determine the fruit set percentage and the yield of current year directly. In this study, representative walnut cultivars—‘Wen185’, ‘Chandler’ and ‘QingXiang’ were observed. The morphological changes of stigma were recorded during pollination and fertilization, the stigma receptivity and optimal pollination period were studied by benzidine\|H2O2 method, and the period and conditions for keeping highest pollen viability were detected by MTT staining method. The results showed that the stigma receptivity period was ranging from the stigma slightly open to it with brown stripes. The best period for pollination was 3-5 days after the split stigma opened. The pollen can be stored for 96 hours under natural conditions and the viability decreased quickly to 33% after 4 hours. The pollen viability was the highest when the walnut anthers shedding，reaching 95%. Pollen viability could be reinforced at 4 ℃ and the average viability was 633% after 120 hours.
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Keywords:
- walnut /
- pistillate flower /
- staminate flower /
- pollen viability /
- stigma receptivity
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期刊类型引用(4)
1. 李方剑，杨铁滨，徐华东. 基于图像分析的树木自然倒向测定方法. 森林工程. 2025(02): 321-329 . 
百度学术
2. 张怡卓，梁玉亮，王小虎，于慧伶. 一种基于K-means与Close-Form融合的树木图像提取方法. 西北林学院学报. 2019(02): 240-245 . 百度学术
3. 王晓松，杨刚. 一种融合聚类和分类算法的树木图像多目标优化分割方法. 北京林业大学学报. 2018(12): 124-131 . 本站查看
4. 张超一，赵燕东，张军国. 露天苗圃灌溉控制系统网关节点调度模型. 农业工程学报. 2013(15): 108-115 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(2)
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