生物肥对冬枣根际土壤微环境特征的影响
Effects of bio-fertilizers on microenvironment characteristics in winter jujube rhizosphere soil.
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摘要: 通过保绿法和萝卜子叶增重法，从6年生冬枣根际土壤中筛选出具有促生作用的优势细菌，以发酵鸡粪（DCM）为吸附载体制成冬枣生物有机肥（DBF），研究了DBF、普通生物有机肥（NBF）和DCM对冬枣根际土壤微生态环境特征的影响。结果表明：同NBF处理相比，DBF降低了冬枣根际土壤的pH值，提高了根际土壤的电导率和阳离子代换能力；DBF显著提高了冬枣根际土壤中的磷、钾及部分微量元素的有效性，但对碱解氮含量影响较小；不同肥料对冬枣根际土壤的有机碳及其组分产生了很大影响，DBF显著增加了根际土壤中有机碳和胡敏酸的含量，提高了胡/富，对富里酸含量影响差异不显著；DBF显著提高了根际土壤中根系分泌物的含量，同NBF处理相比，DBF可使冬枣根际土壤中的氨基酸、有机酸和总糖含量分别提高40.70%、32.54%和59.14%；此外，DBF显著降低了根际土壤中的氯氰菊酯含量。施用普通生物肥料和发酵鸡粪并未对冬枣根际土壤微生态环境特征产生显著影响。综合分析认为，从冬枣根际土壤中筛选出的微生物有效地改善了冬枣根际土壤的微生态环境。Abstract: This study was conducted to quantify the impact of biologicalorganic fertilizer (DBF), normal biological fertilizer (NBF) and decomposed chicken manure (DCM) on the ecological environment of winter jujube. Dominant microorganism was extracted from rhizosphere soil of sixyearold winter jujube trees by keeping green method and radish cotyledon weight increasing method. DBF was prepared by compounding the microorganism and DCM. Effects of DBF, NBF and DCM on rhizosphere soil physiochemical, biological characteristics, nutrient content, root exudates, soil organic carbon and its components were studied in Binzhou winter jujube orchards，Shandong Province of eastern China. Results showed that compared with NBF, DBF decreased rhizosphere soil pH, and increased its electric cation and cation exchange capacity. DBF increased available phosphorus, available potassium and trace element content, but it had no influence on soil nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil of winter jujube. Different fertilizers had great effects on soil organic carbon and its components. DBF obviously increased soil organic carbon and humic acids, but it had no influence on fulvic acids in soil organic carbon, correspondingly the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid increased. Besides, DBF increased root exudate content evidently. Compared with NBF, DBF increased total amino acids, total organic acids and total sugars in the root exudates by 40.70%, 32.54% and 59.14%. Besides, compared with other treatments, beta cypermethrin in DBF rhizosphere soil was significantly decreased. However, NBF and DCM had no obvious effects on biological characteristics in winter jujube rhizosphere soil. As a result, normal microorganism had no effect on the ecological environment of winter jujube, whereas microorganism extracted from rhizosphere soil benefited it greatly.
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Keywords:
- biologicalorganic fertilizer /
- chicken manure /
- winter jujube /
- rhizosphere soil
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