凉水自然保护区猴腿蹄盖蕨分布特征及其可持续利用
Distribution characteristics and sustainable utilization of Athyrium multidentatum in Liangshui Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang of northeastern China
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摘要: 以凉水自然保护区内猴腿蹄盖蕨为研究对象，通过研究其分布规律及地上生物量特点，为猴腿蹄盖蕨资源的可持续利用提出了合理化建议。研究结果如下：1)保护区内猴腿蹄盖蕨的高度、密度和单位面积地上生物量随着海拔的升高而降低；2)不同森林类型单位面积猴腿蹄盖蕨的地上生物量差异很大，其排序为：谷地云冷杉林＞河岸杂木林＞人工林＞枫桦红松林＞椴树红松林＞鱼鳞云杉红松林＞谷地落叶松林＞云冷杉红松林＞谷地白桦林＞山地山杨林＞柞树红松林；3)猴腿蹄盖蕨在不同森林类型中地上部分的干物质量也各不相同，其中谷地云冷杉林(4961 hm2)最高（226 420.1 kg），柞树红松林(10.0 hm2)最低（0），排序为：谷地云冷杉林＞枫桦红松林＞椴树红松林＞河岸杂木林＞人工林＞云冷杉红松林＞鱼鳞云杉红松林＞山地山杨林＞谷地白桦林＞谷地落叶松林＞柞树红松林；4)在保护阔叶红松林生态系统的前提下，建议选择谷地云冷杉林、谷地落叶松林、河岸杂木林、谷地白桦林和人工林为猴腿蹄盖蕨资源开发利用的区域。Abstract: Distribution characteristics and aboveground biomass of Athyrium multidentatum were studied for the reasonable suggestion of its sustainable utilization. The results showed that: 1) In Liangshui Nature Reserve, A. multidentatums height, density and aboveground biomass decreased along the increase of elevation. 2) The aboveground biomass of A. multidentatum was significantly different in various forest types, and it in line with sprucefir valley forestriparian miscellaneous forestmanmade forestcostata birchKorean pine forestTiliaKorean pine forestscales spruceKorean pine forestlarch valley forestsprucefirKorean pine forestbirch valley forestmountain Populus davidiana forestMongolian oakKorean pine forest. 3) In different forest types, A. multidentatum aboveground dry weight was also dissimilar. The highest gross reserve was 226 420.1 kg appeared in sprucefir valley forest (496.1 hm2); the lowest gross reserve was 0 appeared in Mongolian oakKorean pine forest (10.0 hm2), and the order of gross reserve was sprucefir valley forestcostata birchKorean pine forestTiliaKorean pine forestriparian miscellaneous forestmanmade forestsprucefirKorean pine forestscales spruceKorean pine forestmountain P. davidiana forestbirch valley forestlarch valley forestMongolian oakKorean pine forest. 4) With the premise of protecting broadleaved Korean pine forest ecosystem, we suggest that choosing sprucefir valley forest, larch valley forest, riparian miscellaneous forest, birch valley forest and manmade forest as the regions for resource utilization of A. multidentatum.
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