Thoughts on the development of forest tree breeding towards intelligent molecular design breeding in China
-
摘要:
“作物育种4.0”的提出，为我国林木遗传育种指明了向智能分子设计育种发展的前进方向。本文提出了理想品种的概念及其智能设计实现条件，简要综述了我国林木遗传育种研究历史以及存在的问题，并提出了推动我国林木智能分子设计育种的发展对策等。林木遗传育种应该瞄准国家林业重大需求，有组织地选择重要树种系统布局，在推动树种高世代遗传改良及其利用的同时，准备系谱关系清晰的育种资源群体，做到等位变异有迹可循；解析重要性状遗传变异规律及其调控网络，实现基因调控有据可查；建立高效的多组学大数据整合分析以及育种群体构建、亲本选配和后代选择等分子设计育种技术方法体系，保证智能育种有“法”可依等。逐步解决我国林木遗传育种中存在的问题，为实施林木智能设计育种创造理想条件。在每一育种世代品种向理想品种选育的推进过程中，尽可能将智能分子设计育种的最新理论和技术成果应用于育种实践，选育出高产、优质、高抗的当前世代理想品种，满足国家林业发展的现实需要。
Abstract:With the proposal of “Crop Breeding 4.0” being put forward, the developmental direction for the forest tree genetic breeding towards intelligent molecular design breeding has been pointed out in China. In this paper, the concept of ideal varieties and the conditions for their intelligent design implementation were put forward. The research history and existing problems of forest genetics and tree breeding in China were briefly reviewed, and some strategies to promote the development of intelligent molecular design breeding of trees were also proposed. It is believed that forest genetics and tree breeding should aim at the major needs for national forestry development and select important tree species in an organized way and layout. It is necessary to prepare breeding population resources with clear pedigree relationships and trackable allelic variation patterns while promoting high-generation genetic improvement and utilization of the tree species. Moreover, the variation rules and genetic regulatory network of important traits should be analyzed to achieve well-documented gene regulation. Meanwhile, a system of molecular design breeding technology, such as efficient multi-omics big data integration, breeding population construction, parental selection, and progeny screening, also should be established to ensure the methodological basis of the intelligent breeding. As a result, the existing problems in forest genetics and tree breeding of China could be solved, providing ideal conditions for the implementation of intelligent design breeding of trees. In each breeding generation, the latest achievements in theories and technologies of intelligent molecular design breeding should be applied to breeding practice as far as possible, to produce ideal varieties for the current generation with high yield, good quality, and strong resistant, meeting the needs of national forestry development.
-
-
[1] Wallace G, Rodgers-Melnick E, Buckler E. On the road to breeding 4.0: unraveling the good, the bad, and the boring of crop quantitative genomics[J]. Annual Review of Genetics, 2018, 52(1): 421−444. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120116-024846
[2] 王振华, 刘文国, 高世斌, 等. 玉米种业的昨天、今天和明天[J]. 中国畜牧业, 2021(19): 26−32. Wang Z H, Liu W G, Gao S B, et al. Past, now and future of corn seed industry[J]. China Livestock Industry, 2021(19): 26−32.
[3] Duvick D. Genetic progress in yield of United States maize ( Zea mays L.)[J]. Maydica, 2005, 50: 193−202.
[4] 康向阳. 林木遗传育种研究进展[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 44(3): 1−10. Kang X Y. Research progress of forest genetics and tree breeding[J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2020, 44(3): 1−10.
[5] 康向阳. 论林木常规育种与非常规育种及其关系[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2023, 45(6): 1−7. Kang X Y. On conventional and unconventional tree breeding and their relationships[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2023, 45(6): 1−7.
[6] Fei X, Shi Q, Qi Y, et al. ZbAGL11, a class D MADS-box transcription factor of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, is involved in sporophytic apomixis[J]. Horticulture Research, 2021, 8: 23. doi: 10.1038/s41438-020-00459-x
[7] 徐纬英, 佟永昌. 新杂交种——群众杨[J]. 林业科学, 1984, 20(2): 122−131. Xu W Y, Tong Y C. A new hybrid ‘Popularis’[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1984, 20(2): 122−131.
[8] 叶培忠. 白杨繁殖育种法[J]. 林业科学, 1955, 1(1): 37−46. Ye P Z. Poplar propagation and breeding method[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1955, 1(1): 37−46.
[9] 徐纬英. 杨树[M]. 哈尔滨: 黑龙江出版社, 1988. Xu W Y. Poplar [M]. Harbin: Heilongjiang People’s Publishing House, 1988.
[10] 刘红. 国家林木种苗发展战略研究[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2012. Liu H. Research on national forest tree seedling development strategy [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2012.
[11] 俞新妥. 马尾松种源试验阶段报告[J]. 中国林业科学, 1978, 14(1): 4−13. Yu X T. Masson pine provenance test phase report[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1978, 14(1): 4−13.
[12] 徐纬英. 油橄榄在我国的引种[J]. 林业科学, 1981, 17(1): 78−83. Xu W Y. Introduction of olive trees in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1981, 17(1): 78−83.
[13] 徐纬英. 林木良种选育学术讨论会[J]. 科学通报, 1964(8): 743. Xu W Y. Academic symposium on the selection and breeding of improved forest species[J]. Science Bulletin, 1964(8): 743.
[14] 陈岳武, 施季森, 陈益泰, 等. 杉木的遗传变异及育种程序[C]// 徐纬英, 张培杲. 全国林木遗传育种第五次学术报告会论文汇编. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学出版社, 1986. Chen Y W, Shi J S, Chen Y T, et al. Genetic variation and breeding procedures of Chinese fir[C]// Xu W Y, Zhang P G. Compilation of papers from the Fifth National Academic Conference on Forest Genetics and Breeding. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University Press, 1986.
[15] 左叶. 在全国林木优良品种协作会议总结会上的讲话[J]. 新疆林业, 1975(4): 3−7. Zuo Y. Speech at the summary meeting of the National Collaborative Conference on Excellent Forest Varieties[J]. Xinjiang Forestry, 1975(4): 3−7.
[16] 本刊编辑部. 积极开展林木良种的选育工作——全国林木优良品种科研协作会在南平召开[J]. 林业科技通讯, 1973(1): 14. Editorial Department of this Journal. Actively carry out the breeding of improved forest varieties: the National Scientific Research Collaboration Conference on Excellent Forest Varieties was held in Nanping[J]. Forestry Science and Technology Newsletter, 1973(1): 14.
[17] 梁彦. 中国林学会第二次林木遗传育种学术讨论会[J]. 遗传, 1980, 1(1): 42. Liang Y. The second academic symposium on forest genetics and breeding of the Chinese Forestry Society[J]. Heredity, 1980, 1(1): 42.
[18] 顾万春. 改革十年林木育种事业成绩斐然[N]. 中国绿色时报, 1989年3月25(第03版). Gu W C. The forestry breeding industry has achieved remarkable results in the past ten years of reform[N]. China Green Times, March 25, 1989 (Page 03).
[19] 游应添. 林木良种基地种子低产原因的分析及丰产措施综述[J]. 林业科技通讯, 1989(10): 3−4. You Y T. Analysis of the causes of low seed yield in improved forest variety bases and review of high yield measures[J]. Forestry Science and Technology Newsletter, 1989(10): 3−4.
[20] 徐纬英, 张培杲. 全国林木遗传育种第五次学术报告会论文汇编[M]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学出版社, 1990. Xu W Y, Zhang P G. Compilation of papers from the Fifth National Academic Conference on Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding[M]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University Press, 1990.
[21] Peng Z H, Lu Y, Li L B, et al. The draft genome of the fast-growing non-timber forest species moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys heterocycla)[J]. Nature Genetics, 2013, 45(4): 456−463. doi: 10.1038/ng.2569
[22] Li Y, Wei H R, Yang J, et al. High-quality de novo assembly of the Eucommia ulmoides haploid genome provides new insights into the evolution and rubber biosynthesis[J]. Horticulture Research, 2020, 7: 183. doi: 10.1038/s41438-020-00406-w
[23] Niu S H, Li J, Bo W H, et al. The Chinese pine genome and methylome unveil key features of conifer evolution[J]. Cell, 2022, 185(1): 204−217. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.006
[24] 张守攻, 齐力旺, 李来庚, 等. 中国林木良种培育的遗传基础研究概览[J]. 中国基础科学, 2016, 18(2): 61−66. Zhang S G, Qi L W, Li L G, et al. Overview of genetic basic research on the cultivation of improved forest varieties in China[J]. China Basic Science, 2016, 18(2): 61−66.
[25] 马常耕. 我国林木无性系育种回顾和今后方向[J]. 江西林业科技, 1989(6): 32−37. Ma C G. Review and future directions of forest tree clonal breeding in China[J]. Jiangxi Forestry Science and Technology, 1989(6): 32−37.
[26] 王章荣. 林木高世代育种原理及其在我国的应用[J]. 林业科技开发, 2012, 26(1): 1−5. Wang Z R. Principles of high-generation forest tree breeding and its application in China[J]. Forestry Science and Technology Development, 2012, 26(1): 1−5.
[27] 王军辉. 林木新种质创制研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(12): 129−141. Wang J H. Research progress on development of new germplasm of forest trees[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(12): 129−141.
[28] 康向阳. 关于林木无性系育种策略的思考[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(7): 1−9. Kang X Y. Thoughts on clonal breeding strategies for forest trees[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(7): 1−9.
[29] 康向阳. 林木三倍体育种研究进展及展望[J]. 中国科学:生命科学, 2020, 50(2): 136−143. doi: 10.1360/SSV-2019-0126 Kang X Y. Research progress and prospect of triploid breeding of forest trees[J]. Scientia Sinica Vitae, 2020, 50(2): 136−143. doi: 10.1360/SSV-2019-0126
[30] Xu C P, Zhang Y, Huang Z, et al. Impact of the leaf cut callus development stages of Populus on the tetraploid production rate by colchicine treatment[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2018, 37: 635−644. doi: 10.1007/s00344-017-9763-x
[31] Xia Y F, Cao Y, Ren Y Y, et al. Effect of a suitable treatment period on the genetic transformation efficiency of the plant leaf disc method[J]. Plant Methods, 2023, 19(1): 15. doi: 10.1186/s13007-023-00994-3
[32] Kang X Y, Wei H R. Breeding polyploid Populus: progress and perspective[J]. Forestry Research, 2022, 1: 4.
-
期刊类型引用(6)
1. 赵钰婷，陈冬瑶，杨柳，李晶楠，宁广亮，姜静. 白桦四倍体×紫雨桦二倍体杂交种子活力及杂种子代生长特性分析. 温带林业研究. 2025(01): 1-8 . 
百度学术
2. 刘笑，杜琬莹，张云秀，唐成名，李华伟，夏海勇，樊守金，孔令安. NO_3~–缓解小麦根部NH_4~+毒性机理. 植物学报. 2024(03): 397-413 . 百度学术
3. 魏尚霖，李晨蕾，廖柏勇，程俊森，代文魁，姜维，王溢，李永泉. 高州油茶与小果油茶种仁蛋白质组差异比较. 经济林研究. 2024(03): 10-24 . 百度学术
4. 程俊森，王溢，李永泉，魏尚霖，李超楠，姜维，黄润生. 基于Label-free技术的高州油茶铝胁迫蛋白质组学研究. 中南林业科技大学学报. 2023(08): 169-181 . 百度学术
5. 韦庆钰，黄海龙，吴纯泽，苏嘉熙，卫星. 3种倍性青杨扦插苗对覆膜滴肥的生长响应. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版). 2021(05): 93-101 . 百度学术
6. 王溢. 基于label-free技术的青杨3个叶位叶片比较蛋白质组学分析. 华中农业大学学报. 2019(04): 8-19 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(1)
下载:
计量
- 文章访问数: 809
- HTML全文浏览量: 136
- PDF下载量: 126
- 被引次数: 7
