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    陆雅佩, 罗久富, 王丽娜, 周金星, 杨筱, 韩金斌, 王福道. 海拔与坡向对伏牛山自然陡坡土壤种子库的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(6): 74-84. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210480
    引用本文: 陆雅佩, 罗久富, 王丽娜, 周金星, 杨筱, 韩金斌, 王福道. 海拔与坡向对伏牛山自然陡坡土壤种子库的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(6): 74-84. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210480
    Lu Yapei, Luo Jiufu, Wang Lina, Zhou Jinxing, Yang Xiao, Han Jinbin, Wang Fudao. Effects of altitude and slope aspect on soil seed banks on natural steep slope of Funiu Mountain, Henan Province of central China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(6): 74-84. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210480
    Citation: Lu Yapei, Luo Jiufu, Wang Lina, Zhou Jinxing, Yang Xiao, Han Jinbin, Wang Fudao. Effects of altitude and slope aspect on soil seed banks on natural steep slope of Funiu Mountain, Henan Province of central China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(6): 74-84. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210480

    海拔与坡向对伏牛山自然陡坡土壤种子库的影响

    Effects of altitude and slope aspect on soil seed banks on natural steep slope of Funiu Mountain, Henan Province of central China

    • 摘要:
        目的  土壤种子库直接参与地上植被自然更新,与地上植被关系紧密,研究分析海拔和坡向对陡坡土壤种子库的影响及其与地上植物群落的关系,为高陡边坡植被恢复提供科学依据。
        方法  本文以伏牛山600、800和1 000 m不同海拔与坡向(阴坡和阳坡)的陡坡自然植物群落为对象,通过植物群落调查、土壤种子库采集、种子萌发试验等研究手段,综合分析了海拔与坡向对伏牛山自然陡坡土壤种子库特征的影响。
        结果  (1)地上植物群落植物种共67种,壳斗科植物占优势。土壤种子库有62个物种,以草本植物为主,占82.26%,远高于木本植物,其中菊科物种数最大,占整体24.19%,其次为禾本科和石竹科,分别都占9.68%。(2)土壤种子库密度在1 263 ~ 10 363 粒/m2之间,其中莎草科种子储量最高,其次为菊科和禾本科;土壤种子库具有一定的垂直结构,表现为上层(0 ~ 2 cm)和中层(2 ~ 5 cm)土壤种子库储量高于下层(5 ~ 10 cm)。(3)乔木层、灌木层物种丰富度与海拔呈显著正相关(P < 0.05),草本层物种丰富度与坡向呈显著负相关(P < 0.05)。土壤种子密度与海拔、坡向呈显著正相关(P < 0.05)。(4)土壤种子库与地上植物群落的物种组成具有较大差异,共有种仅有17种,物种相似性系数较低,在0.08 ~ 0.21之间,其中草本层与土壤种子库具有较高的物种相似性,乔木层、灌木层结构对种子库特征具有一定的影响。
        结论  伏牛山600 ~ 1 000 m自然陡坡土壤种子库和地上植物群落的物种多样性都随着海拔的升高而增大,其中1 000 m阳坡土壤种子库密度和物种多样性最高,具有较强的植被恢复潜力。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  Soil seed bank acts as a propagule source for revegetation to affiliate the restoration of degraded lands. The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of soil seed banks to altitude and slope aspect on natural steep slope and the relationship between soil seed banks and aboveground plant communities.
        Method  Plant community investigation and soil seed bank collection were carried out on the shady and sunny slopes of the natural steep slope of Funiu Mountain, Henan Province of central China at an altitude of 600, 800 and 1 000 m. Then, soil seed bank composition and density, species diversity and richness of soil seed banks were estimated using the germination method.
        Result  (1) Aboveground plant communities contained the number of 67 species and Fagaceae species was in the majority. A total of 62 species were identified in the soil seed banks and dominated by herbaceous species, which accounted for 82.26%, much higher than woody species. The species of Compositae occupied the largest proportion (24.19% of the total), followed by Gramineae and Caryophyllaceae (9.68% and 9.68% of the total, respectively). (2) The seed density was between 1 263 and 10 363 grain/m2, among which Cyperaceae seeds had the highest reserves, followed by Compositae and Gramineae. In terms of the reserve vertical structure, soil seeds were mainly distributed in 0−5 cm layer rather than 5−10 cm layer. (3) Species richness of arbor and shrub layer was positively correlated with altitude (P < 0.05), while herb layer species richness was negatively correlated with slope aspect (P < 0.05). In addition, there was positive correlation between seed density and altitude and slope aspect (P < 0.05). (4) The species composition of soil seed bank and aboveground plant communities showed relatively large differences with only 17 species in common and low species similarity coefficient ranging from 0.08 to 0.21. However, herb layer and soil seed banks displayed higher species similarity, and the structure of arbor layer and shrub layer appeared to provide certain explanations for the characteristics of seed banks.
        Conclusion  We conclude that the species diversity of aboveground plant communities and soil seed banks generally increase with altitude. Characterized by the highest seed density and species diversity, soil seed banks on the sunny slope at an altitude of 1 000 m possess strong potential for vegetation restoration.

       

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