Analysis of landscape characteristics of forests in northern Changbai Mountains based on ecological protection pattern.
-
摘要: 本研究旨在分析长白山林区北部景观格局特征,并以此作为未来生物多样性保护与构建长白山地区整体森林保护格局的依据。基于泉阳和露水河林业局森林资源二类调查资料和林相图,利用Arcgis和Fragstats等软件,从土地利用类型、优势树种和龄组的角度,分析了景观构成要素和森林保护现状,在景观水平和斑块水平上分析了该区景观格局指数特征。结果表明:有林地主导着土地利用类型,森林景观优势明显,研究区整体景观存在破碎化,优势景观类型破碎化程度比较严重;森林景观中各优势树种和龄组景观的优势度较弱,景观连通性较差,树种与林龄结构复杂,景观破碎化更为严重;幼龄林是破碎化最严重的龄组。人为活动对优势树种和林龄组成有着显著的影响,人为干扰是景观破碎化的最主要原因。根据分析结果,该区应科学规划城镇化建设,引导作物栽培合理开展,改善景观破碎化现状并建立有效的生态廊道,提高森林生态系统的生物多样性和稳定性。Abstract: This study aims to analyze the landscape pattern of Quanyang and Lushuihe forestry bureaus in northern Changbai Mountains, and thus provide basis for future biodiversity conservation and construction of overall forest protection in Changbai Mountains. Based on the forest resources inventories and forest type maps, we analyzed the landscape elements and forest protection situation by using spatial analysis software Arcgis and Fragstats. The forest structure and landscape pattern were studied in terms of land-use type, dominant tree species and age group. Combined with overlay analysis of forest type map and landscape situation, suggestions on management of each planning area are proposed. The results showed that forest is the dominated land use type, showing apparent superiority in forest landscape; however, fragmentation exists in the overall landscape in the study area, and fragmentation is more serious in the dominant landscape. The dominance of landscape of dominant tree species and age group is weak, the landscape connectivity is poor, tree species and age composition are complex, and the landscape fragmentation is more serious. The young growth forest is subjected to the most serious fragmentation. Human activities have significant effects on the dominant tree species and age composition, and human disturbance is the major reason causing landscape fragmentation. Based on the forest landscape classification and spatial pattern analysis, according to the current status of landscape and the objectives of forest landscape planning, we propose methods of landscape planning at different scales in this area. We suggest that the ideal forest landscape should include natural forest protection area, artificial tending area, Korean pine seed orchard protection areas and ecological corridors. To sum up, managers should make greater efforts in tending Korean pine seedlings, replanting bare land, restoring degraded forest, improving the status of landscape fragmentation and establishing ecological corridors. All these measures have important implications for responding to climate change and improving the biological diversity and stability of forest ecosystem.
-
Key words:
- Changbai Mountains /
- landscape pattern /
- fragmentation /
- dominant tree species /
- age group
-
[1] GUO J P. Study on forest landscape ecology[M].Beijing: Peking University Press,2001. [2] 郭晋平. 森林景观生态研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社,2001. [3] ZHANG H R,ZHAO P Y,YANG W M, et al. Analysis and evaluation technology of natural forest temporal spatial dynamic [M].Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2006. [4] HULSHOFF R M. Landscape indices describing a Dutch landscape[J]. Landscape Ecology, 1995, 10: 101-111. [5] LIU J B. Lushuihe of natural red pine forest management and protection measures[J].Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology, 2012, 41(3):44-45. [6] SOLON J. Integrating ecological and geographical (bio-physica1) principles in studies [M]//WIENS J A, MOSS M R. Issues in landscape ecology. Snowmass Village: International Association for Landscape Ecology, 1999: 22-27. [7] ZHAO F Q,DAI L M,YU D P,et al.Dynamic changes of forest landscape pattern in Lushuihe Forest Bureau of Changbai Mountains, Northeast China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(5):1180-1184. [8] 张会儒, 赵鹏祥, 杨为民,等.天然林资源动态时空分析评价技术[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2006. [9] FISCHER J, LINDENMAYER D B. Landscape modification and habitat fragmentation: a synthesis[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2007, 16:265-280. [10] YU D Y,WANG Y Y,HAO Z Q,et al. Changes of forest landscape pattern in Lushuihe Watershed of Jilin Province[J].Resources Sciences, 2005, 27(4): 147-153. [11] WANG X J,CAO G,YAN R J, et al. The study,conservation and utilization of forestry resource in Quanyang Forest Bureau[J].Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,2012,41(3):39-45. [12] LEIMGRUBER P, MCSHEA W J, SCHNELL G D. Effects of scale and logging on landscape structure in a forest Mosaic[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2002,74:141-166. [13] YU X X,LI X B,XIA B,et al. Forest landscape pattern and lucc on ecohydrological response[M].Beijing:Science Press, 2010. [14] GÜNLÜ A, KELE S, BAKENT E Z. Spatiotemporal changes of landscape pattern in response to deforestation in Northeastern Turkey: a case study in Rize[J]. Environment Monitor Assess,2009, 148:127-137. [15] LIU C S,ZHANG W C,YONG B,et al.Vegetation pattern dynamics in Zhangye Oasis based on two new landscape metrics[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2008,28(1):59-65. [16] 刘吉波.露水河天然红松母树林经营及保护措施[J].吉林林业科技,2012, 41(3):44-45. [17] 赵福强,代力民,于大炮,等.长白山露水河林业局森林景观格局动态[J]. 应用生态学报,2010,21(5):1180-1184. [18] HUANG Q,WANG R H,WU S X,et al.spatial-temporal dynamic changes of landscape fragmentation in the upper reaches Tarmi River[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2007,21(9):73-77. [19] HE N P,WU D W,WU L,et al.Impact of human disturbance on fragmentation of village-level landscape[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2001,12(6):897-899. [20] 于德永, 王艳艳, 郝占庆,等. 吉林省露水河地区森林景观格局变化[J]. 资源科学, 2005, 27(4): 147-153. [21] WU J G. Landscape ecology: pattern, process, scale and hierarchy[M].Beijing: Higher Education Press,2000. [22] 王向君, 曹钢, 闫若皎,等. 泉阳林业局森林资源现状与林地保护利用措施[J].吉林林业科技,2012,41(3):39-45. [23] 余新晓, 李秀彬, 夏兵, 等. 森林景观格局与土地利用/ 覆被变化及其生态水文响应[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2010. [24] SONG X S,WANG F Y,DENG X,et al. Landscape patterns of high conservation value forests in dongning county, heilongjiang province[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2011,39(4):48-51. [25] LIU X W.Studies on ecological effects of land use planning at country level:as an example to Chunan Country[D].Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2011. [26] 刘传胜,张万昌,雍斌,等.基于两种新型景观指数的张掖绿洲植被格局动态研究[J].地理科学,2008,28(1):59-65. [27] LIN Z S.The influence of habitat destruction on the ecological effect of metapopulation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003, 23(3): 480-485. [28] 黄青,王让会,吴世新,等.塔里木河上游景观破碎化的时空动态变化分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(9):73-77. [29] 何念鹏,周道玮,吴泠,等.人为干扰强度对村级景观破碎度的影响[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(6):897-899. [30] XIA W W,HANG H R,LIU H W,et al. Forest landscape pattern of Pangquangou Nature Reserve based on RS and GIS, north China[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2008,30(Suppl.1): 116-121. [31] 邬建国. 景观生态学:格局、过程、尺度与等级[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000. [32] YANG Z Z,BAI M Y. Landscape patterns of forests in Huzhong Forest Farm of Daxing'an Mountains based on GIS[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2010,38(9):40-43. [33] JIANG X Q,LI J P,YUAN X H..Analysis of forest landscape pattern of Taoyuan county based on GIS[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry Technology,2011,31(7):97-101. [34] 宋小双,王凤友,邓勋,等. 基于GIS的东宁县高保护价值森林景观格局分析[J]. 东北林业大学学报,2011,39(4):48-51. [35] 刘小伟. 县域土地利用总体规划生态效应研究:以淳安县为例[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学, 2011. [36] ZHOU D H,HE H S,LI X Z,et al.Potential responses of different stand age classes to climate changes in the Xiaoxinganling Mountains,northeastern China[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2007, 29(4):110-117. [37] LIU J H,YOU S C.Design and construction of Web GIS- based information system for grassland management in northern tibet[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica,2010,18(1): 42-49. [38] 林振山. 生境变化对集合种群系统生态效应的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2003, 23(3): 480-485. [39] 夏伟伟,韩海荣,刘宏文,等.基于RS与GIS的庞泉沟自然保护区森林景观格局研究 [J]. 北京林业大学学报,2008,30(增刊1): 116-121. [40] 杨珍珍,白淼源.基于 GIS 的大兴安岭呼中森林景观格局分析 [J]. 东北林业大学学报,2010,38(9):40-43. [41] 蒋群星,李际平,袁晓红.基于 GIS 的桃源县森林景观格局特征分析 [J]. 中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(7):97-101. [42] FORMAN R T T. Some general principles of landscape and regional ecology[J]. Landscape Ecology, 1995, 10(3): 133-142. [43] 周丹卉,贺红士,李秀珍,等.小兴安岭不同年龄林分对气候变化的潜在响应[J].北京林业大学学报, 2007, 29(4):110-117. [44] TURNER M G, GARDNER R H. Quantitative methods in landscape ecology[J]. New York: Springer-Verlage, 1991. [45] O'NEIL L R V,GARDNER R H, MILNE B T, et al. Heterogeneity and spatial hierarchies[M]∥KOLASA J, PICKETT S T A. Ecological heterogeneity. New York:Spring-Verlage, 1991:85-96. [46] 刘喆惠,游松财.基于Web GIS的藏北草地生态信息系统构建[J].草地学报,2010,18(1): 42-49. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1076
- HTML全文浏览量: 54
- PDF下载量: 11
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
