[1]
|
ZHU J J,LIU Z G. A review on disturbance ecology of forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 15(10): 1703-1710. |
[2]
|
BOYD D S, HILL R A, HOPKINSON C, et al. Landscape-scale forest disturbance regimes in southern Peruvian Amazonia[J]. Ecological Applications, 2013, 23(7):1588-1602. |
[3]
|
ZHU L J, JIN G Z, WANG X C. Reconstruction of disturbance history of a typical broad-leaved Pinus koraiensis forest and mechanisms of disturbance occurrence[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(2): 125-139. |
[4]
|
HART J L. Gap-scale disturbances in central hardwood forests with implications for management[M]// Natural disturbances and historic range of variation. Berlin: Springer International Publishing, 2016. |
[5]
|
WANG Y, LIU J, ZHANG J X, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics photon flux density and air temperature in gaps at two different slope directions of secondary forest ecosystem in montane area of eastern Liaoning Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(4): 933-940. |
[6]
|
OMELKO A, UKHVATKINA O, ZHMERENETSKY A. Disturbance history and natural regeneration of an old-growth Korean pine-broadleaved forest in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, southeastern Russia[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2016, 360: 221-234. |
[7]
|
ZHOU Y G, HAO K J, LI X W, et al. Effects of forest gap on seasonal dynamics of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in Picea asperata forest in Miyalou of western Sichuan, southwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(9): 2469-2476. |
[8]
|
MUSCOLO A, BAGNATO S, SIDARI M, et al. A review of the roles of forest canopy gaps[J]. Journal of Forestry Research, 2014, 25(4): 725-736. |
[9]
|
朱教君, 刘足根. 森林干扰生态研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(10): 1703-1710. |
[10]
|
YU B Y, ZHANG W H, HE T, et al. Effects of forest gap size on the architecture of Quercus variabilis seedings on the south slope of Qinling Mountains, West China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(12): 3399-3406. |
[11]
|
COHEN W B, YANG Z, STEHMAN S V, et al. Forest disturbance across the conterminous United States from 1985—2012: the emerging dominance of forest decline[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2016, 360: 242-252. |
[12]
|
WANG K Y. Processes of subalphine forest ecosystems in the West of Sichuan[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Science & Technology Press, 2004. |
[13]
|
朱良军, 金光泽, 王晓春. 典型阔叶红松林干扰历史重建及干扰形成机制[J]. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(2): 125-139. |
[14]
|
ZHU L J. Gap disturbance history and climatic influence of a typical broad-leaved Pinus koraiensis forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountain [D]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2015. |
[15]
|
王一, 刘江, 张金鑫, 等. 辽东山区天然次生林两个不同坡向林窗光温空间分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(4): 933-940. |
[16]
|
LI J W. Korean pine mixed forest ecology and management[M]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University Press, 1997. |
[17]
|
周义贵, 郝凯婕, 李贤伟, 等. 林窗对米亚罗林区云杉低效林土壤有机碳和微生物生物量碳季节动态的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(9): 2469-2476. |
[18]
|
ZANG R G, LIU T, GUO Z L, et al. Gap disturbance regime in a broadleaved Korean pine forest in the Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 1998, 22(2): 135-142. |
[19]
|
TIAN Y Y. Gap features and regeneration in the broadleaved- Korean pine mixed forest of Xiaoxing'an Mountains[D]. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2007. |
[20]
|
WEBER T A, HART J L, SCHWEITZER C J, et al. Influence of gap-scale disturbance on developmental and successional pathways in Quercus-Pinus stands[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2014, 331: 60-70. |
[21]
|
LIU S C, WANG J H, DUAN W B, et al. Gap characteristics in the mixed broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(17): 5234-5244. |
[22]
|
余碧云, 张文辉, 何婷, 等. 秦岭南坡林窗大小对栓皮栎实生苗构型的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(12): 3399-3406. |
[23]
|
ZANG R G, XU H C. Canopy disturbance regimes and gap regeneration in a Korena pine-broadleaved forest in Jiaohe, northeast China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1999, 19(2): 112-120. |
[24]
|
SCHLIEMANN S A, BOCKHEIM J G. Methods for studying treefall gaps: a review[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2011, 261(7): 1143-1151. |
[25]
|
BUGMANN H. A review of forest gap models[J]. Climatic Change, 2001, 51(3-4): 259-305. |
[26]
|
ZANG R G, LIU J Y, DONG D F. Gap dynamics and forest biodiversity[M]. Beijing: Chinese Forestry Press, 1999. |
[27]
|
LIU S C, DUAN W B, ZHONG C Y, et al. Dynamic changes in soil temperature, water content, nutrition and microorganisms of different size gap in the mixed broadleaved Korean pine forest[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 26(5): 78-83. |
[28]
|
王开运. 川西亚高山森林群落生态系统过程[J]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社, 2004. |
[29]
|
MA L W, ZHANG W H, ZHOU J Y, et al. Effects of forest gap size on the growth of Quercus variabilis seedlings on north slopes of the Qinling mountains[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(12): 43-50. |
[30]
|
朱良军. 小兴安岭典型阔叶红松林林窗干扰历史及气候影响[D]. 哈尔滨:东北林业大学, 2015. |
[31]
|
李景文. 红松混交林生态与经营[M]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学出版社, 1997. |
[32]
|
YAN E R, WANG X H, HUANG J J. Concept and classification of coarse woody debris in forest ecosystems[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25(1): 158-167. |
[33]
|
ZANG R G, XU H C. Advances in forest gap disturbance research[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1998, 34(1): 90-98. |
[34]
|
臧润国, 刘涛, 郭忠凌, 等. 长白山自然保护区阔叶红松林林隙干扰状况的研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 1998, 22(2): 135-142. |
[35]
|
田悦颖. 小兴安岭阔叶红松林林隙特征及其更新研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2007. |
[36]
|
XIAO S, WU F Z, YANG W Q, et al. Understory biomass and its characteristics as affected by forest gap in the alpine forest ecosystem in west Sichuan[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2014, 23(9): 1515-1519. |
[37]
|
刘少冲, 王敬华, 段文标, 等. 小兴安岭阔叶红松混交林林隙特征[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(17): 5234-5244. |
[38]
|
WANG L X, DUAN W B, CHEN L X, et al. Effects of gap size on the spatial heterogeneity of soil water in Pinus koraiensis dominated broad-leaved mixed forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(1): 17-24. |
[39]
|
臧润国, 徐化成. 蛟河阔叶红松林林冠干扰及林隙更新研究[J]. 植物研究, 1999, 19(2): 112-120. |
[40]
|
ZHU J J, TAN H, LI F Q, et al. Comparison of near-ground air temperature and soil temperature of summer with in three gaps of different size at secondary forests in eastern montane regions of Liaoning Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2009, 45(8): 161-165. |
[41]
|
ZHU L J, YANG J W, ZHU C, et al. Influences of gap disturbance and warming on radial growth of Pinus koraiensis and Abies nephrolepis in Xiaoxing'an Mountain, Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(8): 2085-2095. |
[42]
|
臧润国, 刘静艳, 董大方. 林隙动态与森林生物多样性[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1999. |
[43]
|
LONG C L, YU S X, WEI L M, et al. Disturbance regimes and the characteristics of gaps in Maolan Karst Forest, Guizhou Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(4): 13-19. |
[44]
|
WILLIS J L, WALTERS M B, GOTTSCHALK K W. Scarification and gap size have interacting effects on northern temperate seedling establishment[J]. Forest Ecology & Management, 2015, 347: 237-247. |
[45]
|
刘少冲, 段文标, 钟春艳, 等. 阔叶红松林不同大小林隙土壤温度、水分、养分及微生物动态变化[J]. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(5): 78-83. |
[46]
|
马莉薇, 张文辉, 周建云, 等. 秦岭北坡林窗大小对栓皮栎实生幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(12): 43-50. |
[47]
|
PIAO S L, CIAIS P, HUANG Y, et al. The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in China[J]. Nature, 2010, 467: 43-51. |
[48]
|
闫恩荣, 王希华, 黄建军. 森林粗死木质残体的概念及其分类[J]. 生态学报, 2005, 25(1): 158-167. |
[49]
|
STOKES M A. An introduction to tree-ring dating[M]. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996. |
[50]
|
HOLMES R L. Computer-assisted quality control in tree-ring dating and measurement[J]. Tree-Ring Bulletin, 1983, 43(1): 69-78. |
[51]
|
臧润国, 徐化成. 林隙(GAP)干扰研究进展[J]. 林业科学, 1998, 34(1): 90-98. |
[52]
|
肖洒, 吴福忠, 杨万勤, 等. 川西高山森林生态系统林下生物量及其随林窗的变化特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2014, 23(9): 1515-1519. |
[53]
|
王丽霞, 段文标, 陈立新, 等. 红松阔叶混交林林隙大小对土壤水分空间异质性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(1): 17-24. |
[54]
|
朱教君, 谭辉, 李凤芹, 等. 辽东山区次生林3种大小林窗夏季近地面气温及土壤温度比较[J]. 林业科学, 2009, 45(8): 161-165. |
[55]
|
朱良军, 杨婧雯, 朱辰, 等. 林隙干扰和升温对小兴安岭红松和臭冷杉径向生长的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(8): 304-309. |
[56]
|
龙翠玲, 余世孝, 魏鲁明, 等. 茂兰喀斯特森林干扰状况与林隙特征[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 41(4): 13-19. |