Effects of γ-ray irradiation for insect prevention on chemical components and machinery properties of Bambusa texlitis.
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摘要: 竹材的昆虫检疫处理对提高竹材及竹制品的品质十分重要。本文采用60Co-γ射线对青皮竹进行检疫处理,在考察了各辐射剂量的抑虫效果后,研究辐射剂量对青皮竹主要化学成分和力学性能的影响,分析青皮竹化学成分与力学性能之间的相关性。结果表明:辐射剂量越大,抑虫效果越好。在辐射剂量为50、60 Gy时,纤维素质量分数和结晶度均增加,半纤维素质量分数降低,木质素质量分数有小幅增加。当辐射剂量达到80 Gy时,纤维素质量分数和结晶度均下降明显,半纤维素质量分数增加明显,木质素质量分数继续增加。50 Gy剂量下,青皮竹的抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量没有显著变化,抗剪强度、抗拉强度有少许增加;在60 Gy的剂量下,力学强度增加明显,其中抗弯强度增加10.7%,抗弯弹性模量增加5.3%,抗剪强度增加16.5%,抗拉强度基本不变;当辐射剂量增加到80 Gy时,材料的力学性能大幅下降,抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、抗剪强度、抗拉强度分别下降了46.5%、37.6%、19.5%、33.9%。化学成分与力学性能相关性分析表明:在本文的研究条件下,纤维素质量分数、结晶度与青皮竹的抗弯强度、抗弯弹性模量、抗剪强度、抗拉强度呈正相关,其中受影响最大的是抗剪强度;木质素、半纤维素质量分数与竹材力学强度呈负相关,半纤维素质量分数比木质素质量分数对这些力学强度影响更大。Abstract: Insectile quarantining treatment is very important to improve the quality of bamboo wares. In this study, 60Co-γ ray was used for quarantine treatment of Bambusa textilis, and the effect of radiation dose on the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and anti-trichomonas was analyzed. The results showed that, higher radiation dose may induce better anti-trichomonas effect. The content and crystallinity of cellulose increased, the content of hemicelluloses decreased, and the content of lignin increased slightly when given a dose of 50 Gy or 60 Gy. When the radiation dose was increased to 80 Gy, the content and crystallinity of cellulose decreased, the content of hemicelluloses increased obviously, and the content of lignin continued to increase. Furthermore, at a dose of 50 Gy, the flexure strength and modulus of elasticity had no significant changes, and shear and extension strength had a slight increase. The mechanical strength increased obviously at a dose of 60 Gy. The flexure strength, modulus of elasticity and shear strength was increased by 10.7%, 5.3%, and 16.5%, respectively, and the extension strength essentially unchanged. When the radiation dose was increased to 80 Gy, the mechanical strength decreased significantly. The flexure strength, modulus of elasticity, shear strength, and extension strength were decreased by 46.5%, 37.6%, 19.5%, and 33.9%, respectively. Above all, it is shown from chemical composition and mechanical properties that a positive correlation existed between the cellulose (content and crystallinity) and the mechanical strength of bamboo (more effect on shear strength), whereas a negative correlation was found between the lignin and hemicelluloses content and the mechanical strength (more effect on hemicelluloses).
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Key words:
- γ-ray /
- bamboo /
- chemical composition /
- mechanical strength
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