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    李景奎, 王亚男, 牟洪波, 戚大伟. 磁控溅射法制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料及其物理性能变化[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(1): 119-125. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180303
    引用本文: 李景奎, 王亚男, 牟洪波, 戚大伟. 磁控溅射法制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料及其物理性能变化[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(1): 119-125. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180303
    Li Jingkui, Wang Yanan, Mu Hongbo, Qi Dawei. Preparation of nano ZnO/wood composite by magnetron sputtering and its physical property change[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(1): 119-125. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180303
    Citation: Li Jingkui, Wang Yanan, Mu Hongbo, Qi Dawei. Preparation of nano ZnO/wood composite by magnetron sputtering and its physical property change[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(1): 119-125. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180303

    磁控溅射法制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料及其物理性能变化

    Preparation of nano ZnO/wood composite by magnetron sputtering and its physical property change

    • 摘要:
      目的为了改善木材表面物理性能,探索制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料的方法。
      方法以31年树龄的樟子松木单板作为研究对象,采用磁控溅射法制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料,对木材进行功能性改良,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、纳米压痕仪、接触角测量仪和扫描电镜(SEM)对样品结构、弹性模量、硬度、表面润湿性和微观形貌等进行表征。
      结果纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料XRD谱图显示:在2θ等于17.0°、22.5°、35.0°附近仍具有木材纤维素3个结晶面(101、002和040)的特征峰;在2θ等于31.8°、36.3°附近出现了ZnO(100)、ZnO(101)的特征衍射峰。在基底温度为200℃溅射条件下,木材纤维素结晶度下降23.1%。纳米压痕载荷-压入深度曲线形状变化较大,弹性模量增大了6.6倍,硬度增大了23%;纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料表面水接触角为140.2°;表面的纳米氧化锌粒径较小,分散性较好,在木材单板表面分布平整均匀。
      结论磁控溅射法制备纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料对木材结晶区没有形成影响,依然存在木材纤维素特征衍射峰,纤维素的结晶结构没有遭到破坏,但衍射峰强度有所降低;在木材单板表面生长氧化锌薄膜增大了木材表面的弹性模量和硬度,使木材表面润湿性能从亲水性变为疏水性,接近氧化锌材料的超疏水性能;木材表面生长的氧化锌薄膜均匀,排列致密,表面平整,无裂痕。可见,利用磁控溅射法在木材单板表面生长氧化锌薄膜,能够制备理想的纳米氧化锌/木材复合材料。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveIn order to improve the physical properties of wood surface, methods are explored for preparing nano ZnO/wood composite.
      MethodThe 31-year-old Pinus sylvestris wood veneer was taken as the research object. Nano ZnO was deposited on the wood surface by magnetron sputtering to improve the wood function. Based on X-ray diffractometer (XRD), nanoindenter, contact angle measuring instrument and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the structure, modulus of elasticity, hardness, surface wettability and microstructure of the wood samples were investigated.
      ResultXRD test results showed that when the diffraction angle 2θ was about 17.0°, 22.5° and 35.0°, there were still the characteristic peaks of three crystal faces (101, 002 and 040) of wood cellulose; the characteristic diffraction peaks of ZnO(100) and ZnO(101) appeared near the diffraction angles 31.8°and 36.3°. The relative crystallinity decreased by 23.1% when the magnetron sputtering substrate temperature was 200℃. The shape of the nanoindentation load-pressed depth curve changed greatly. The elastic modulus increased by 6.6 times, and the hardness increased by 23%. The water contact angle of the nano ZnO/wood composite surface was 140.2°. The nano ZnO of the surface had small particle size, good dispersion, flat distribution on the surface of the wood.
      ConclusionThe nano ZnO deposited on the wood surface by magnetron sputtering does not affect the crystallization zone of the wood. There are still wood cellulose characteristic diffraction peaks, meaning that the crystalline structure of the wood cellulose is not damaged, but the intensity of the wood cellulose characteristic diffraction peak decreases. The ZnO film on wood veneer surface increases the elastic modulus and hardness of wood veneer surface. The surface wetting property changes from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, closes to the superhydrophobic property of ZnO. The nano ZnO film on the surface of the wood is uniform, smooth, densely arranged and without cracks. The ideal nano ZnO/wood composite with improved physical properties can be obtained by depositing nano ZnO on the wood surface using magnetron sputtering.

       

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