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    雌雄异株植物簇毛槭繁殖代价延迟效应研究

    Delayed effects of reproductive costs in dioecious species Acer barbinerve

    • 摘要:
      目的植物将大部分资源用于繁殖活动时必将导致其对生长发育等其他功能的资源投入下降,生活史理论把这种现象称为繁殖代价。植物繁殖代价主要体现为当年繁殖资源投入与当年营养生长资源投入之间的权衡,以及当年繁殖资源投入与未来生长发育资源投入之间的权衡,这意味着植物的繁殖代价可能存在着一定的延迟效应。本文利用雌雄异株植物雌雄功能分离的属性,验证吉林蛟河针阔混交林中簇毛槭是否存在繁殖代价的延迟效应。
      方法2012年选取簇毛槭雌雄各90株,将不同性别植株分成3个处理组(A为对照组,B为摘除花朵即开花不结实组,C为摘除花蕾组)进行试验操作。2013年和2017年跟踪调查不同处理组中簇毛槭繁殖及生长状况。利用双因素方差分析检验不同处理方式下雌雄植株的1年生枝条长度和叶片生物量的差异显著性。
      结果2013年花期,在1年生枝条水平和2级侧枝水平上1年生枝条长度顺序为C组 > B组 > A组。其中雌株的B组和C组显著大于A组,雄株的处理组间差异显著。2013年花期,在1年生枝条水平和2级侧枝水平上雌株的叶片生物量顺序为C组 > B组 > A组;其中B组和C组显著大于A组。2017年花期,在1年生枝条水平雄株的叶片生物量顺序为C组 > B组 > A组,其中C组显著大于A组。
      结论构件水平影响着繁殖代价延迟效应的检测结果;雌雄异株树种簇毛槭的繁殖代价的延迟效应在营养器官上的表现具有性别和养分分配差异;繁殖代价延迟效应持续表现时间也具有性别差异。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectivePlant resource allocation is limited such that an increase reproduction incurs a reduction in other functions, quantified as reduced current growth, development or survival. This phenomenon is called reproductive cost based on the theory of life history evolution. Sometimes the cost of reproduction can be shown in the trade-off between the cost of reproduction in the current year and the growth in the future, suggesting that the reproductive cost has a delayed effect. Dioecious plant Acer barbinerve, in which reproductive functions are separated into two distinct sexual forms, is especially suitable for studying the delayed effect of reproductive cost in a coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest in Jiaohe, Jilin Province of northeastern China.
      MethodTo explore the delayed effect of reproductive cost, we selected 90 female and 90 male individuals with no significant difference in size of dioecious species Acer barbinerve in 2012. The individuals of each sex were divided into three treatments (A, control; B, removing flower called flowers only without fruits; C, removing flower bud). We investigated the reproduction and growth of Acer barbinerve in different treatments in 2013 and 2017. Two-way ANOVAs was performed to test the difference of length of new shoot and foliage biomass for each sex under different treatments.
      ResultIn flowering time in 2013, the sequence of length of new shoot was group C > group B > group A at shoot and branch level, in which the difference of group B and group C with group A was significantly separated. The differences under different treatments of male were significant. In flowering times in 2013, the foliage biomass of female was group C > group B > group A at shoot and branch level. The leaf biomass of male plants in the flowering times at shoot level of 2017 was C > B > A, in which group C was significantly larger than group A.
      ConclusionThe delayed effect of reproductive cost of dioecy Acer barbinerve was influenced by module level and showed sexual difference in different vegetative organs and nutrient distribution, also had gender differences in the duration.

       

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