Ergonomics evaluation of portable pneumatic extinguisher
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摘要: 为研究便携式风力灭火机的振动、噪声和质量对操作人员生理和心理负荷的影响,通过试验对便携式风力灭火机(国产6MF-30和日本产HB2302)的把手振动和耳旁噪声进行测试,选取心率和反应时间对便携式风力灭火机进行人机工程学评价。结果表明:6MF-30的振动加速度、耳旁噪声、心率增加比、反应时间均大于HB2302;风力灭火机的耳旁噪声随着振动加速度的增加而增加,振动和噪声共同作用于操作人员,难以区分开,因此,将振动和噪声的综合作用视为一个影响因子,取得了较好的分析效果;质量和振动-噪声对心率增加比有显著影响,对反应时间没有显著影响,质量对心率的影响要大于振动-噪声。建议重新对6MF-30进行设计,重点考虑质量和减振降噪,发动机选择功率适中且质量轻的,前把手选择塑料作为主要材料。Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of vibration, noise and mass of portable pneumatic extinguisher on physiological and psychological loads of operators, we measured the handle vibration and parotic noise while using portable pneumatic extinguishers (6MF-30 made in China and HB2302 made in Japan) in the experiment, and had an ergonomics evaluation using heart rate and reaction time. The experimental results indicated that the vibration acceleration, parotic noise, increasing ratio of heart rate and reaction time with 6MF-30 were larger than those with HB2302. The parotic noise increased as vibration acceleration grew. Vibration and noise jointly exerted an effect on the operator, and it was difficult to distinguish between them. Therefore, we classified the combined action of vibration and noise as one affecting factor, which obtained good analytical results. The effects of mass and vibration-noise on increasing ratio of heart rate were significant, while not so on reaction time. The effect of mass on heart rate and reaction time was greater than that of vibration-noise. We suggest that 6MF-30 should be redesigned, which focuses on the reducing mass, vibration and noise, for example, selecting an engine with moderate power and light mass and using the plastics as main materials for handles.
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Keywords:
- portable pneumatic extinguisher /
- mass /
- vibration /
- noise /
- heart rate /
- reaction time
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