Ergonomics evaluation of portable pneumatic extinguisher
-
摘要: 为研究便携式风力灭火机的振动、噪声和质量对操作人员生理和心理负荷的影响,通过试验对便携式风力灭火机(国产6MF-30和日本产HB2302)的把手振动和耳旁噪声进行测试,选取心率和反应时间对便携式风力灭火机进行人机工程学评价。结果表明:6MF-30的振动加速度、耳旁噪声、心率增加比、反应时间均大于HB2302;风力灭火机的耳旁噪声随着振动加速度的增加而增加,振动和噪声共同作用于操作人员,难以区分开,因此,将振动和噪声的综合作用视为一个影响因子,取得了较好的分析效果;质量和振动-噪声对心率增加比有显著影响,对反应时间没有显著影响,质量对心率的影响要大于振动-噪声。建议重新对6MF-30进行设计,重点考虑质量和减振降噪,发动机选择功率适中且质量轻的,前把手选择塑料作为主要材料。Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of vibration, noise and mass of portable pneumatic extinguisher on physiological and psychological loads of operators, we measured the handle vibration and parotic noise while using portable pneumatic extinguishers (6MF-30 made in China and HB2302 made in Japan) in the experiment, and had an ergonomics evaluation using heart rate and reaction time. The experimental results indicated that the vibration acceleration, parotic noise, increasing ratio of heart rate and reaction time with 6MF-30 were larger than those with HB2302. The parotic noise increased as vibration acceleration grew. Vibration and noise jointly exerted an effect on the operator, and it was difficult to distinguish between them. Therefore, we classified the combined action of vibration and noise as one affecting factor, which obtained good analytical results. The effects of mass and vibration-noise on increasing ratio of heart rate were significant, while not so on reaction time. The effect of mass on heart rate and reaction time was greater than that of vibration-noise. We suggest that 6MF-30 should be redesigned, which focuses on the reducing mass, vibration and noise, for example, selecting an engine with moderate power and light mass and using the plastics as main materials for handles.
-
Keywords:
- portable pneumatic extinguisher /
- mass /
- vibration /
- noise /
- heart rate /
- reaction time
-
-
[1] DING Y L. Ergonomics[M]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press,1991.
[1] HWANG I, SEO J, KIM M, et al. Vibrotactile perceived intensity for mobile devices as a function of direction, amplitude, and frequency[J]. IEEE Transactions on Haptics,2013, 6(3): 352-362.
[2] GB/T 10283—2008 Forestry machinery: portable pneumatic fire extinguisher: measurement of vibration at the handles[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China,2008.
[2] YAO H, GRANT D, CRUZ M. Perceived vibration strength in mobile devices: the effect of weight and frequency[J]. IEEE Transactions on Haptics,2010, 3(1): 56-62.
[3] 丁玉兰. 人机工程学[M]. 北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1991. [3] GB/T 10284—2008 Forestry machinery: portable pneumatic fire extinguisher: measurement of noise[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China,2008.
[4] GB/T 10283—2008 林业机械:便携式风力灭火机:手把振动的测定[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2008. [4] WU G L. Measurement and evaluation of human body enduring localized vibration[J]. Noise and Vibration Control,1994, 12(6): 27-30.
[5] GB/T 10284—2008 林业机械:便携式风力灭火机:噪声的测定[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社,2008. [5] MO Q Y, LI W B, GAO S L. Effects of the noise of wide belt sander for woodworking industry on human heart rate[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2004, 26(3): 64-66.
[6] EN ISO 5349-1—2001 Mechanical vibration-measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration: Part 1: General requirements[S]. Geneva: ISO, 2001.
[6] LI W B, WANG Y, CHEN J L, et al. Assessment on the performance of hand pumps for forest fire suppression based on operator’s heart rate and water spraying efficiency[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2009, 31(1): 134-138.
[7] 吴国梁. 人体承受局部振动的测试与评价[J]. 噪声与振动控制,1994,12(6): 27-30. [7] WU M Q. Adverse effects of indoor noise on human health and noise control[J]. Journal of Environment and Health,2006,23(2): 189-192.
[8] 莫秋云,李文彬,高双林. 木工宽带砂光机噪声对人体心率的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2004,26(3): 64-66. [8] XIN Z, WU S X, LI Z J, et al. Multi-objective optimization of 6MF-30 pneumatic extinguishers based on CFD[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012, 28(22): 39-44.
[9] GRIMWADE J C, WALKER D W, BARTLETT M, et al. Human fetal heart rate change and movement in response to sound and vibration.[J]. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,1971, 109(1): 86-90.
[10] 李文彬,王扬,陈净莲,等. 基于心率和喷水效率的森林灭火手泵性能评价[J]. 北京林业大学学报,2009,31(1): 134-138. [11] ULIN S S, ARMSTRONG T J, SNOOK S H, et al. Examination of the effect of tool mass and work postures on perceived exertion for a screw driving task[J]. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,1993, 12(1): 105-115.
[12] 吴铭权. 室内噪声的危害与控制[J]. 环境与健康杂志,2006,23(2): 189-192. [13] 辛喆,王顺喜,李钊婧,等. 基于CFD的6MF-30型风力灭火机多目标优化[J]. 农业工程学报,2012,28(22): 39-44. -
期刊类型引用(16)
1. 杨逢玉，杨帆，刘楠楠，马思聪. 月季文化与抗寒月季新品种‘天山祥云’文化解析. 现代园艺. 2024(09): 87-89 . 
百度学术
2. 高小峰，郑明燕，源朝政，李金玲，王虹，周晓静，贾毛毛. 月季远缘杂交育种研究进展. 安徽农业科学. 2023(04): 12-15 . 百度学术
3. 侯秋梅，周洪英. 玫瑰种质资源及杂交育种研究现状. 贵州农业科学. 2022(01): 14-22 . 百度学术
4. 欧哲，杨宇，冯策婷，江律，张宇静，庄玥莹，罗乐，于超. 单叶蔷薇远缘杂交中花粉管生长的荧光显微观察. 东北农业大学学报. 2022(10): 18-26 . 百度学术
5. 段登文，许彬，孟静. 6种食用玫瑰染色体核型分析及基因组大小测定. 湖南农业科学. 2021(08): 1-5 . 百度学术
6. 尹世华，王康，黄晓霞，李淑斌，程小毛. 中国古老月季品种远缘及品种间杂交亲和性评价. 北方园艺. 2021(18): 81-87 . 百度学术
7. 吴钰滢，周璇，徐庭亮，常征，易星湾，高华北，赵红霞，王佳，程堂仁，张启翔，潘会堂. 现代月季品种‘赞歌’和粉团蔷薇杂交后代鉴定与评价. 北京林业大学学报. 2019(03): 124-133 . 本站查看
8. 过聪，关伟，曾祥国，张庆华，向发云，宋粤君，韩永超. 现代月季品种表型性状分析与评价. 中国农业科学. 2019(24): 4632-4646 . 百度学术
9. 李玉洁，庄得凤，赵成日，崔凯歌. 22个中国古老月季的遗传多样性分析. 分子植物育种. 2019(24): 8287-8294 . 百度学术
10. 张誉稳，李孟南，赵雁. 月季品种波塞尼娜变异株的发现与初步认定. 黑龙江农业科学. 2018(04): 85-88 . 百度学术
11. 韩世玉，张芳，王晓红，罗泽虎，周光萍，杨胜特. 长果桑与桑树栽培品种远缘杂交F_1代的植物学性状表现分析. 安徽农业科学. 2017(25): 30-33+36 . 百度学术
12. 刘建鑫，杨柳慧，魏冬霞，于晓南. 芍药属组内组间杂交及部分后代核型分析与SSR鉴定. 北京林业大学学报. 2017(04): 72-78 . 本站查看
13. 李金霞，储博彦，赵玉芬，尹新彦. 大花萱草‘黄油花’和‘粉秀客’杂交后代的鉴定与核型分析. 中国农学通报. 2017(36): 85-92 . 百度学术
14. 邓衍明，贾新平，梁丽建. 观赏植物远缘杂交后代的鉴定方法. 核农学报. 2016(07): 1308-1315 . 百度学术
15. 张天姝，车代弟. 寒地月季的观赏特性及景观配置. 科技通报. 2016(12): 70-74+119 . 百度学术
16. 张非亚，杜运鹏，袁晓娜，刘瑞峰，贾桂霞. 月季远缘和品种间杂交亲本的选择. 东北林业大学学报. 2015(04): 24-30 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(21)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1826
- HTML全文浏览量: 131
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 37
下载:
