Abstract: Acer truncatum Bunge, Hibiscus syriacus Linn., Cercis chinensis Bunge and Wisteria sinensis Sweet were used to study the effects of different soil water content on plant height, leaf numbers, biomass allocation, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescent，and drought resistance of four seedlings by pot experiment. The results indicated that SLW, leaf waxes value, stomatal density, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescent could be used as drought resistance evaluation indices, except for shoot mass ratio. Using subordinate functions to evaluate the drought resistance, and evaluating values of four species were 0.617, 0.455, 0.493 and 0.292 respectively. The drought resistance of A. truncatum was the highest, followed by C. chinensis, H. syriacus and W. sinensis.