摘要:
为分析黄土区坡面尺度地形因子对土壤水分的影响,该文选择山西省吉县蔡家川小流域典型梁峁坡面为研究对象,基于数字高程模型(DEM)提取研究区域坡向、坡度、坡位3个地形因子分布图,并与研究区土壤水分的克立格(Kriging)插值图叠加.通过主成分分析得出:在0~30cm土层,地形因子对土壤水分影响的次序依次为坡向>坡位>坡度;在30~60cm土层,其影响强弱顺序依次为坡度>坡位>坡向.对主成分地形因子(坡向、坡度)的单因素分析得出:自土壤水分最高区域(坡向N337.50°)以顺时针方向,土壤水分呈现先减少后增加,再减少至最低(坡向N202.50°(0~30cm土层)、N191.25°(30~60cm土层)),后增加的两次减增过程;土壤水分随坡度变化的幅度很小,随着坡度的增加出现先增加(0°~10°)后减小的趋势(10°~40°).
Abstract:
The impacts of terrain factors on soil moisture in different slopes in the research area of the Caijiachuan Watershed, Jixian County, Shanxi Province were studied through deriving slope, aspect and elevation maps from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and overlaying them with soil moisture maps (KRIGING interpolation approach). The main results from factor analysis showed that the effects of terrain factors on soil moisture at different depths of the soil profile varied. At a depth of 0--30 cm, the slope direction is the predominant factor, then elevation and the last factor is slope degree; but at 30--60 cm, slope is the most important factor, then elevation and aspect. Taking the main impact factors (slope and aspect) as an example: this paper analyzed the effects of these factors on soil moisture in detail, based on a single-factor analysis approach. The result shows that aspect impacts the soil moisture significantly; soil moisture is the highest at N337.50°, lowest at N202.50°(0-30 cm) and N191.25°(30--60 cm) and is closely correlated with aspect (twice simultaneous decline-increase). Soil moisture changes little with slope and shows a tendency of increase-decline-increase with an increase in slope.
百度学术
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