Abstract: A new class of insecticidal compound sucrose octanoate was synthesized by the trans-esterification method at reduced pressure,which used DMSO(dimethylsulfoxide) as solvent, K₂CO₃ as the catalyst.Under the conditions of homogeneous liquid,reacting ethyl octanoate with sucrose yielded optimum results under the following conditions:the molar ratio of sucrose to ethyl octanoate was 2:1,reaction temperature was 95-100℃,reaction time was 5 hrs,the quantity of catalyst accounted for ethyl octanoate was 16%,the reactor pressure was 11 kPa,the yield was 79.11%.After being separated by the column chromatography,sucrose octanoate was identified by MS(mass spectrum) and IR(infrared ray).It was proven that each separated group was monoester,diester and triester,respectively.The bioassay of the separated monoester,diester,triester and synthetic sucrose octanoate was evaluated against the Lymantria dispar grubs,and the monoester activity was the best.The revision insect reducing rate of Aphis glycines reached about 80% at high concentration after being treated for 5 days.These results indicate that sucrose octanoate possesses a good insecticidal activity.