干旱对4种苗木根系特征及各部分物质分配的影响
Effects of drought on root characteristics and mass allocation in each part of seedlings of four tree species．
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摘要: 为了系统研究干旱对黄土高原主要造林树种根系特征及各部分物质分配的影响，通过人为控制土壤水分, 按土壤田间持水量的70%、50%、35%设干旱处理水平（各水平均设7、14和21 d），观测2 年生油松、刺槐、侧柏、沙棘苗木根生物量、地上部分生物量及细根（直径2 mm）指标（表面积、根长、根尖数）。结果表明：1）随着干旱胁迫程度和处理时间的增加，油松根生物量和细根指标值显著增加；刺槐根生物量总体上有增加，细根指标值保持稳定；侧柏根系生物量在中度干旱时增加，重度干旱时减少，两水平处理随着处理时间的延长有减少的趋势，细根指标值仅在重度干旱（21 d）明显减少；沙棘根生物量、细根指标值在中度干旱条件下明显增加，但随着处理时间的延长，增加量逐渐减少，在重度干旱条件下不能存活。2）干旱条件下，根、茎、叶的物质分配格局发生了变化，树种之间差异很大。Abstract: To study systematically the effects of drought on root characteristics and biomass allocation of main afforestation species at Loess Plateau, two-year-old seedlings of Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudocacia, Platycladus orientalis and Hippophae rhamnoides were treated with three soil moisture levels, i.e. 70%, 50% and 35% WHC for three treatment durations (7, 14 and 21 days). Root biomass, aboveground biomass and fine root (Φ2 mm) properties (surface area, length and tips) were measured. The results showed that: 1) As the drought intensified and treatment time prolonged, the root biomass and fine root indices of Pinus tabulaeformis increased significantly. The root biomass of Robinia pseudocacia increased significantly, but fine root indices did not. The root biomass of Platycladus orientalis increased in moderate drought but dropped in severe drought, and the two levels had a tendency to decrease as treatment time elongated, and fine root index reduced significantly only in severe drought (21 days). The root biomass and fine root index of Hippophae rhamnoides increased markedly in moderate drought condition but the increment decreased for longer treatment time and the seedlings could not survive under severe drought conditions. 2) The mass allocation pattern of roots, stem and leaves had changed in drought, and there was a significant difference among the four tree species.
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Keywords:
- drought /
- root /
- fine root indices /
- mass allocation
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