Objective In the process of urban development, the use and function of comprehensive parks are no longer limited to their actual form boundaries, but gradually establish a relationship with external commercial facilities and jointly become the driving force of urban renewal and development. The analysis of distribution characteristics of commercial facilities around comprehensive parks and defining the potential connections between them can provide an important basis for planning and construction in the future.
Method Taking 19 comprehensive parks in the 23 districts of Tokyo as research objects, basing on comprehensive park positioning, land price, commercial facility POI data, and using kernel density estimation and spatial interpolation method, this paper quantitatively analyzes the distribution characteristics of commercial facilities around comprehensive parks. Combined with the characteristics of parks, relevant policies and local culture, this paper summarizes the relationship between distribution characteristics of commercial facilities and comprehensive parks.
Result (1) In the early stage of urban development, the macro policy focused on the establishment of city image and disaster prevention system, so as to make the commercial land around comprehensive parks large and closely integrated with parks. In the middle and later stages, the macro policy turned to solve the urban problems and update the urban environment, and made the commercial land around the comprehensive park small and loosely integrated with the park. (2) Comprehensive parks with prominent themes promoted the agglomeration of surrounding commercial facilities, which were manifested as high scale and degree of agglomeration and single agglomeration center around parks with history as theme, and low scale and degree of agglomeration and multi-center agglomeration around comprehensive parks with function and landscape as theme. (3) When the functional setting of comprehensive parks matched the agglomeration demands of the commercial facilities, the scale and degree of commercial facilities with strong agglomeration demands around the park were high and the agglomeration centers were relatively concentrated, while those with weak or no agglomeration demands were in the opposite situation. (4) The commercial land price around comprehensive parks was higher in core center 6 districts than in sub-center districts, and lower in the west and east of sub-center districts. 89.48% of the commercial land price around comprehensive parks was lower than the average land price in the district. Extreme value of land price usually occurred around the comprehensive park with rich functional configuration.
Conclusion At the planning level, we suggest to formulate a planning scheme consistent with the actual situation and subsequent construction based on the urban development stage and core issues. At the construction level, we suggest that the park configuration should respond to the use needs of city and its surrounding environment, guide the appropriate types to gather around the comprehensive park, and realize the two as a whole to promote the organic renewal and sustainable and balance development of city.
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